How can a web designer make their website more robust?

Employing standard HTML markup and ARIA (Accessible Rich Internet Applications) significantly enhances the robustness of a website by improving its accessibility and interoperability. Standard HTML is designed to be universally readable and understood by various browsers and assistive technologies. When web designers use semantic HTML elements appropriately, they help both human users and machines interpret the structure and meaning of web content more effectively.

Incorporating ARIA attributes provides additional context and accessibility features for dynamic content and user interface components that may not be adequately conveyed through standard HTML alone. This ensures that users with disabilities, who may rely on screen readers or other assistive devices, can navigate, understand, and interact with the website effectively.

By prioritizing both standard HTML practices and ARIA, designers create a more inclusive web experience, ultimately making the site more robust and usable for a wider audience. This approach contrasts with other options, such as simplifying code to one language, which may not address issues of accessibility or functionality, or focusing solely on mobile compatibility, which could neglect desktop users. Avoiding interaction with web technologies altogether would prevent the designer from utilizing the tools needed for modern web development.