Which Universal Design principle would be violated by having tightly packed seating arrangements in public places?

The principle that would be violated by having tightly packed seating arrangements in public places is related to size and space for approach and use. This principle emphasizes the importance of providing adequate space to accommodate users of varying body sizes, mobility levels, and abilities. When seating is too tightly packed, it restricts movement, can make it difficult for individuals with disabilities or mobility challenges to navigate the space, and may hinder emergency egress.

Good design considers the physical needs of users, ensuring that there is enough room for individuals to maneuver comfortably and access services or amenities without unnecessary strain. Tightly packed seating does not allow for such flexibility and can create barriers, thereby diminishing the overall accessibility of the space.

In contrast, other principles like tolerance for error, equitable use, and flexibility in use focus on different aspects of accessibility and inclusivity but do not directly address the physical spatial requirements that are central to the principle of size and space for approach and use.